Xanthophyll cycle in the light of thylakoid membrane lipids Membrane packing, curvature elastic stress and enzyme binding
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Desiccation Induces Accumulations of Antheraxanthin and Zeaxanthin in Intertidal Macro-Alga Ulva pertusa (Chlorophyta)
For plants and algae, exposure to high light levels is deleterious to their photosynthetic machineries. It also can accelerate water evaporation and thus potentially lead to drought stress. Most photosynthetic organisms protect themselves against high light caused photodamages by xanthophyll cycle-dependent thermal energy dissipation. It is generally accepted that high light activates xanthophy...
متن کاملEffect of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol and other thylakoid lipids on violaxanthin de-epoxidation in liposomes.
In this study we present evidence that one of two reactions of the xanthophyll cycle, violaxanthin de-epoxidation, may occur in unilamellar egg phosphatidylcholine vesicles supplemented with monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG). Activity of violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) in this system was found to be strongly dependent on the content of MGDG in the membrane; however, only to a level of 30 mol%...
متن کاملMembrane Stored Curvature Elastic Stress Modulates Recruitment of Maintenance Proteins PspA and Vipp1
UNLABELLED Phage shock protein A (PspA), which is responsible for maintaining inner membrane integrity under stress in enterobacteria, and vesicle-inducting protein in plastids 1 (Vipp1), which functions for membrane maintenance and thylakoid biogenesis in cyanobacteria and plants, are similar peripheral membrane-binding proteins. Their homologous N-terminal amphipathic helices are required for...
متن کاملA structural basis for the pH-dependent xanthophyll cycle in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Plants adjust their photosynthetic activity to changing light conditions. A central regulation of photosynthesis depends on the xanthophyll cycle, in which the carotenoid violaxanthin is converted into zeaxanthin in strong light, thus activating the dissipation of the excess absorbed energy as heat and the scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Violaxanthin deepoxidase (VDE), the enzyme respons...
متن کاملThe violaxanthin cycle protects plants from photooxidative damage by more than one mechanism.
When light energy absorbed by plants becomes excessive relative to the capacity of photosynthesis, the xanthophyll violaxanthin is reversibly deepoxidized to zeaxanthin (violaxanthin cycle). The protective function of this phenomenon was investigated in a mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, npq1, that has no functional violaxanthin deepoxidase. Two major consequences of the npq1 mutation are the ab...
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